* Get the date right

use "C:\My Documents\Numbercrunching\ECDC - COVID-19\temp1.dta", clear // This is the ECDC data obtained off https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/download-todays-data-geographic-distribution-covid-19-cases-worldwide
gen date = mdy(month, day, year)
format date %td
replace countryterritorycode = "CZE" if geoid=="CZ"
drop if countryterritorycode==""
save "C:\My Documents\Numbercrunching\ECDC - COVID-19\temp2.dta", replace

* Graph on cumulative deaths per day since first death

use "C:\My Documents\Numbercrunching\ECDC - COVID-19\temp2.dta", clear
rename countryterritorycode countryiso
keep deaths countryiso date
keep if deaths>0
by countryiso, sort: egen mindate = min(date)
gen dayssince1 = date - mindate
by countryiso (date), sort: gen deathscum = sum(deaths)
drop if countryiso=="N/A"
rename deathscum _
keep _ dayssince1 countryiso
reshape wide _, i(dayssince1) j(countryiso) string
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
    local temp = substr("`x'", 2, 3)
    rename `x' `temp'
  }
}
local totobs = _N
local totobsminus = `totobs' - 1
forvalues i = `totobsminus' (-1) 1 {
  foreach x of varlist * {
    if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
	  if `x'[`i']==. & `x'[`i' + 1]!=. {
	    replace `x' = -9 in `i'
	  }
	}
  }
}
forvalues i = 2 / `totobsminus' {
  foreach x of varlist * {
    if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
	  if `x'[`i']==-9 {
	    replace `x' = `x'[`i' - 1] in `i'
	  }
	}
  }
}
summ dayssince1 if ZAF!=., det
local maxZAF = r(max)
local maxday = `maxZAF' + 7
summ ZAF, det
local deathsZAF = r(max)
local indicatorrow = `maxZAF' + 1
local countryset = 0
local worse = 0
local same = 0
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
    if `x'[`indicatorrow']!=. {
	  local countryset = `countryset' + 1
	  if `x'[`indicatorrow']>`deathsZAF' {
	    local worse = `worse' + 1
	  }
	  else {
	    if `x'[`indicatorrow']==`deathsZAF' {
		  local same = `same' + 1
		}
	  }
	}
  }
}
local same = cond(`same'>0, `same' - 1, 0)
local graphstring = ""
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" & "`x'"!="ZAF" {
    local graphstring = "`graphstring'" + " (line `x' day if day<=`maxday')"
  }
}
local labelstring = ""
local maxdayplus = `maxday' + 1
local labelstring = ""
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
    if `x'[`maxdayplus']!=. {
	  local deathshere = `x'[`maxdayplus']
	  local labelstring = `"`labelstring'"' + " `deathshere' `maxday' " + `""`x'""' // How to do this took almost two hours!
	}
  }
}
display `"`labelstring'"'
local datadate = "7 April" // CHANGE DATE!
#delimit ;
  twoway `graphstring' (line ZAF day if day<=`maxday', lwidth(thick) lcolor(red)),
    text(`labelstring', size(8pt))
    ytitle("Cumulative deaths")
    xlabel(0(2)`maxday') // ADAPT THE SPACING (DELTA) AS NEEDED.
	xtitle("Days since first death in that country")
	note("According to `datadate' ECDC data, South Africa" "had `deathsZAF' deaths `maxZAF' days after the first death." "Of `countryset' countries with deaths by their" "day `maxZAF', `worse' had a higher (worse) value." "`same' had the same number of deaths." "The red line represents South Africa.", ring(0) position(12) size(10pt))
    legend(off)
	graphregion(fcolor(white))
	;
#delimit cr

* Graph on cumulative deaths per 100000 normal deaths per day since first death

use "C:\My Documents\Numbercrunching\ECDC - COVID-19\temp2.dta", clear
rename countryterritorycode countryiso
keep deaths countryiso date
keep if deaths>0
merge m:1 countryiso using "C:\My Documents\Numbercrunching\UN data - sundry\deaths2017.dta", keepusing(deaths2017)
keep if _merge==3
drop _merge
drop if countryiso=="AND" // Andorra too strange. 
replace deaths = deaths / (deaths2017 / 100000)
by countryiso, sort: egen mindate = min(date)
gen dayssince1 = date - mindate
by countryiso (date), sort: gen deathscum = sum(deaths)
drop if countryiso=="N/A"
rename deathscum _
keep _ dayssince1 countryiso
reshape wide _, i(dayssince1) j(countryiso) string
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
    local temp = substr("`x'", 2, 3)
    rename `x' `temp'
  }
}
local totobs = _N
local totobsminus = `totobs' - 1
forvalues i = `totobsminus' (-1) 1 {
  foreach x of varlist * {
    if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
	  if `x'[`i']==. & `x'[`i' + 1]!=. {
	    replace `x' = -9 in `i'
	  }
	}
  }
}
forvalues i = 2 / `totobsminus' {
  foreach x of varlist * {
    if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
	  if `x'[`i']==-9 {
	    replace `x' = `x'[`i' - 1] in `i'
	  }
	}
  }
}
summ dayssince1 if ZAF!=., det
local maxZAF = r(max)
local maxday = `maxZAF' + 7
summ ZAF, det
local deathsZAF = r(max)
local indicatorrow = `maxZAF' + 1
local countryset = 0
local worse = 0
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
    if `x'[`indicatorrow']!=. {
	  local countryset = `countryset' + 1
	  if `x'[`indicatorrow']>`deathsZAF' {
	    local worse = `worse' + 1
	  }
	}
  }
}
local graphstring = ""
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" & "`x'"!="ZAF" {
    local graphstring = "`graphstring'" + " (line `x' day if day<=`maxday')"
  }
}
local maxdayplus = `maxday' + 1
local labelstring = ""
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
    if `x'[`maxdayplus']!=. {
	  local deathshere: di %5.1f = `x'[`maxdayplus']
	  local labelstring = `"`labelstring'"' + " `deathshere' `maxday' " + `""`x'""' 
	}
  }
}
display `"`labelstring'"'
local deathsZAF: di %2.1f = `deathsZAF'
#delimit ;
  twoway `graphstring' (line ZAF day if day<=`maxday', lwidth(thick) lcolor(red)),
    text(`labelstring', size(8pt))
    ytitle("Cumulative COVID-19 deaths per 100,000 deaths" "in a typical year")
    xlabel(0(2)`maxday') // ADAPT THE SPACING (DELTA) AS NEEDED.
	xtitle("Days since first death in that country")
	note("`maxZAF' days after the first death in South Africa," "deaths per 100,000 deaths in a typical year" "came to `deathsZAF'." "Of `countryset' countries with deaths by their" "day `maxZAF', `worse' had a higher (worse) value." "The red line represents South Africa.", ring(0) position(12) size(10pt))
    legend(off)
	graphregion(fcolor(white))
	;
#delimit cr

* As above, but covering the days of the country with the longest duration

use "C:\My Documents\Numbercrunching\ECDC - COVID-19\temp2.dta", clear
rename countryterritorycode countryiso
keep deaths countryiso date
keep if deaths>0
merge m:1 countryiso using "C:\My Documents\Numbercrunching\UN data - sundry\deaths2017.dta", keepusing(deaths2017)
keep if _merge==3
drop _merge
drop if countryiso=="AND" // Andorra too strange. 
replace deaths = deaths / (deaths2017 / 100000)
by countryiso, sort: egen mindate = min(date)
gen dayssince1 = date - mindate
by countryiso (date), sort: gen deathscum = sum(deaths)
drop if countryiso=="N/A"
rename deathscum _
keep _ dayssince1 countryiso
reshape wide _, i(dayssince1) j(countryiso) string
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
    local temp = substr("`x'", 2, 3)
    rename `x' `temp'
  }
}
local totobs = _N
local totobsminus = `totobs' - 1
forvalues i = `totobsminus' (-1) 1 {
  foreach x of varlist * {
    if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
	  local done = 0
	  if `x'[`i']==. & `x'[`i' + 1]!=. {
	    replace `x' = -9 in `i'
	  }
	}
  }
}
forvalues i = 2 / `totobsminus' {
  foreach x of varlist * {
    if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
	  if `x'[`i']==-9 {
	    replace `x' = `x'[`i' - 1] in `i'
	  }
	}
  }
}
local graphstring = ""
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" & "`x'"!="ZAF" {
    local graphstring = "`graphstring'" + " (line `x' day)"
  }
}
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
    quietly summ `x'
	local maxdays`x' = r(N)
  }
}
local graphstring = ""
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" & "`x'"!="ZAF" {
    local graphstring = "`graphstring'" + " (line `x' day)"
  }
}
local labelstring = ""
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
    local deathshere: di %2.1f = `x'[`maxdays`x'']
	local labelstring = `"`labelstring'"' + " `deathshere' `maxdays`x'' " + `""`x'""' 
  }
}
display `"`graphstring'"'
display `"`labelstring'"'
local datadate = "7 April" // CHANGE DATE!
#delimit ;
  twoway `graphstring' (line ZAF day, lwidth(thick) lcolor(red)),
    text(`labelstring', size(8pt))
    ytitle("Cumulative COVID-19 deaths per 100,000 deaths" "in a typical year")

	xtitle("Days since first death in that country")
	note("This is like the previous graph," "except the maximum range of days is" "is shown", ring(0) position(12) size(10pt))
    legend(off)
	graphregion(fcolor(white))
	;
#delimit cr

* Graph on cumulative cases over cumulative deaths

use "C:\My Documents\Numbercrunching\ECDC - COVID-19\temp2.dta", clear
rename countryterritorycode countryiso
keep deaths cases countryiso date
by countryiso (date), sort: gen casescum = sum(cases)
summ casescum if countryiso=="ZAF"
local casesZAF = r(max)
keep if deaths>0
by countryiso, sort: egen mindate = min(date)
gen dayssince1 = date - mindate
by countryiso (date), sort: gen deathscum = sum(deaths)
drop if countryiso=="N/A"
gen _ = casescum / deathscum  
keep _ dayssince1 countryiso
reshape wide _, i(dayssince1) j(countryiso) string
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
    local temp = substr("`x'", 2, 3)
    rename `x' `temp'
  }
}
local totobs = _N
local totobsminus = `totobs' - 1
forvalues i = `totobsminus' (-1) 1 {
  foreach x of varlist * {
    if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
	  if `x'[`i']==. & `x'[`i' + 1]!=. {
	    replace `x' = -9 in `i'
	  }
	}
  }
}
forvalues i = 2 / `totobsminus' {
  foreach x of varlist * {
    if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
	  if `x'[`i']==-9 {
	    replace `x' = `x'[`i' - 1] in `i'
	  }
	}
  }
}
summ dayssince1 if ZAF!=., det
local maxZAF = r(max)
local maxday = `maxZAF' + 7
local indicatorrow = `maxZAF' + 1
local countryset = 0
local worse = 0
local same = 0
local ratioZAF = ZAF[`indicatorrow']
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
    if `x'[`indicatorrow']!=. {
	  local countryset = `countryset' + 1
	  if `x'[`indicatorrow']<`ratioZAF' {
	    local worse = `worse' + 1
	  }
	  else {
	    if `x'[`indicatorrow']==`ratioZAF' {
		  local same = `same' + 1
		}
	  }
	}
  }
}
local same = cond(`same'>0, `same' - 1, 0)
local graphstring = ""
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" & "`x'"!="ZAF" {
    local graphstring = "`graphstring'" + " (line `x' day if day<=`maxday')"
  }
}
local labelstring = ""
local maxdayplus = `maxday' + 1
local labelstring = ""
foreach x of varlist * {
  if "`x'"!="dayssince1" {
    if `x'[3]!=. {
	  local ratiohere = `x'[3]
	  local labelstring = `"`labelstring'"' + " `ratiohere' 2 " + `""`x'""' 
	}
  }
}
display `"`labelstring'"'
local ratioZAF: di %1.0f = `ratioZAF'
local datadate = "5 April" // CHANGE DATE!
#delimit ;
  twoway `graphstring' (line ZAF day if day<=`maxday', lwidth(thick) lcolor(red)),
    text(`labelstring', size(8pt))
    ytitle("Cumulative cases over cumulative deaths")
    xlabel(0(2)`maxday') // ADAPT THE SPACING (DELTA) AS NEEDED.
	xtitle("Days since first death in that country")
	note("`maxZAF' days after its first death" "South Africa had found `casesZAF' cases in total" "or `ratioZAF' cases per death. Of `countryset' countries with" "deaths by their day `maxZAF', `worse' had a lower (worse) value." "These ratios can be considered a measure" "of testing intensity" "The red line represents South Africa.", ring(0) position(12) size(10pt))
    legend(off)
	graphregion(fcolor(white))
	;
#delimit cr